Best DevOps Interview Questions

If you are really interested in DevOps development, LearNow is here to support you in your career. Several leading companies around the world are using DevOps innovations to meet the needs of their customers. For the interview process, our article provides detailed information on questions and answers from experts.

DevOps interview questions and answers have been formulated by industry experts with over ten years of experience. The DevOps interview questions and answers help beginners and experienced individuals looking for a challenging role in a reputable company. Our DevOps questions and answers will help you understand all the details.

Basic DevOps Interview Questions

Q1. Explain what is DevOps?

DevOps encourages communication and collaboration between development and operational teams. i.e., it facilitates teamwork.
DevOps is about tools, involving processes and people.
DevOps inspires an Agile process.
DevOps is designed to automate development, release, and operational processes.
DevOps helps accelerate application delivery to end-users.
DevOps brings about continuous improvement that is supported by feedback.

Q2. How does DevOps differ from Agile?

DevOps methodology brings together the operations and development team to ensure finally submitted task is error-free.

Agile means it's a repeatable process where projects are completed in a short timeframe, which extends implementation cycles and speeds up time-to-market.

Q3: Why do you think that DevOps is important?

The main reason DevOps is so popular is that it helps companies create and improve products faster than traditional software development methods.

The main reasons behind the popularity of DevOps are listed below:

Faster innovation
Shorter development cycles
Fewer implementation bugs
Better interaction and collaboration
A more stable working environment
Increased efficiency
Lower IT costs and personnel requirements

Q4. List some popular tools of DevOps?

Some most popular DevOps tools are listed below:

Git
Jenkins
Ansible
Puppet
Nagios
Docker
ELK (Elasticsearch, Logstash, Kibana)

A DevOps engineer is the one who works with both developers and operation staff to ensure that code is published smoothly.

Q6. Can you define what Puppet coder means?

Puppet coder is the main directory for data and code in Puppet. It contains modules and manifests (environments), a global module directory for all environments, and data from your hierarchy.

Q7. List the key components of DevOps.

The DevOps key components are as follows:

Continuous Integration
Continuous Delivery
Microservices
Infrastructure as Code
Monitoring and Logging
Collaboration and Communication

Q8. Why should I use Ansible?

Ansible is the tool that can help you in:

Configuration Management
Application Deployment
Task Automation

Q9: List the main phases of DevOps implementation

5 phases form the DevOps lifecycle

Continuous Development
Continuous Integration
Continuous Testing
Continuous Deployment
Continuous Monitoring

Q10. Name the types of Version Control Systems?

Version control systems are of three types. They are:

Centralized Version Control Systems
Local Version Control Systems
Distributed Version Control Systems

Q11. What's the idea of DevOps' configuration management?

Configuration management helps to automate tasks in terms of time consumption, complex tasks and improves organizational agility. It ensures consistency and streamlines the product/service process by simplifying the design, control, documentation, and implementation changes at various project stages.

Q12: What’s the purpose of AWS in DevOps?

AWS supports manual tasks and processes automation, which helps developers build faster and more efficient applications. These processes can include development, deployment, test workflow, container management, and configuration management.

Q13. Mention two common roles in DevOps?

DevOps Architect: Leadership responsible role for the entire DevOps process.

DevOps Engineer: An individual must have experience working with agile practices, CI / CD, version control, and fixing up automation tools to use the same skills in database management and infrastructure automation.

Q14. What is DevOps CBD?

Component-Based Development is a unique approach to product development. Here, developers are looking for existing, clearly defined, tested, and verified code components and CBD helps the developer with new developments.

Q15. What do you expect from a DevOps career perspective?

Commitment to end-to-end delivery process and the key aspect of process improvement so that development and operational teams can collaborate and understand each other’s vision.

Q16. What is Git?

Git, the distributed version control system that mainly captures changes to your source code. Manages a series of files/projects that vary over time. It stores all the information in the data structure called a repository.

Q17. What is selenium used for?

Selenium is for continuous testing in DevOps. The tool specializes in regression and functional testing forms.

Q18. What does CAMS in DevOps mean?

The acronym CAMS is commonly used to describe the basic ideas of the DevOps methodology. It is:

Culture
Automation
Measurement
Sharing

Q19. Mention some benefits of a version control system.

VCS allows team members to work freely with any file/time.
All previous versions and variants are close-packed in VCS.
Distributed VCS helps to save the entire history of the project, so in the event of a central server failure, you can use the local Git repository of a team member.
Let’s see exact changes to the contents of a file.

Q20. What is Trunk-based development?

Trunk development is a branched model of source control for software development where developers bundle code into a single branch called a trunk and use documented methods to create long-lasting development branches. This process is known as trunk development. This is an important factor for continuous integration and therefore continuous delivery.

Q21. How to back up and copy files in Jenkins?

The below steps will make you understand how to backup and copy Jenkins files:

Regularly back up the JENKINS_HOME directory which includes slave configuration, job configurations, and all development history.
Copy the directory to back up your Jenkins setup. You can also copy a job directory and rename the file.

Q22. Why do open-source tools promote DevOps?

Open-source tools are often used by organizations that adopt DevOps pipelines. Because DevOps focuses on automation in various aspects of organizational development, release and change management, and infrastructure management.

Creating/using one tool is impossible and so everything is essentially a trial-and-error phase. Agile reduces the cost of creating one tool, so open-source tools were available in the market. It meets almost any goal and gives the organization the ability to analyze the tool according to its requirements.

Q23. Can you tell me what is continuous and automatic testing?

Automated Testing is the automation of the manual testing process. It uses separate test tools that allow developers to create test scripts that can be rerun without manual intervention.

Continuous testing is performing automated tests as part of the DevOps software delivery pipeline. In the process, each build is verified instantly, and feedback is provided immediately to the development team. So that can prevent problems from moving to the next stage of the software delivery cycle. It will greatly speed up the developer's workflow. You don’t need to manually restore the project and redo all tests after changes.

Q24. Mention the important technical and business benefits of DevOps?

DevOps brings several technical and business benefits. Some are listed below:

Technical advantages

Constant software delivery
Troubleshoot faster
Less complicated problems

Business benefits

Better operating environments stability
Faster feature delivery
More time to add value to your product

Q25. How do I set up systems with Puppet?

To configure systems with Puppet in the client or server architecture, we must use the Puppet Master and Puppet Agent applications. In the stand-alone architecture, we need to use Puppet apply Application.

DevOps Interview Questions For Experienced

We are covering the most frequently asked DevOps Interview Questions. Let us look at DevOps Interview Questions for an experienced professional.

Q26. Do you know the DevOps post-mortem meetings?

Post-mortem meetings are held to discuss if certain things are wrong with the implementation of the DevOps methodology. During this meeting, the team is expected to suggest actions to be taken to avoid future failures or errors.

Q27. What is the term "Sudo" in Linux operating system?

Sudo acronym for “superuser do”, where superuser being the main Linux user. This is a program for Linux/Unix systems that allows users with superuser privileges to execute certain system commands at the root level.

Q28. Can you elaborate on the Jenkins architecture?

Jenkins follows the master and slave architecture. Master extracts the latest code from the GitHub repository after committing the code. The master asks the slave units to perform operations such as construction, test, run, and generate test reports. This load is evenly distributed among all slaves. Jenkins also uses several slaves as they may need to run different test suites for different environments after committing the codes.

Q29. What is the Dogpile effect? How can it be prevented?

The Dogpile effect is also known as cache stampede that can occur when large parallel computing systems using cache strategies are subjected to a very high load. This is called an event that occurs when the cache expires/is invalid and multiple requests are made to the site at the same time. The most common way to prevent dogpiling is to install cached semaphore locks. When the cache expires on this system, the first process to obtain a lock will create a new cache value.

Q30. What kind of VCS tools do you know?

You can just name the VCS tool you were working on, for example, "I've worked with Git, and the big advantage over other VCS tools like SVN is that it's a distributed version control system."

Distributed VCS tools do not significantly rely on the central server to store all project files versions. Instead, each developer "clones" a copy of the repository and possess the complete project history on their hard drive.

Q31. What are docker registries?

Docker Registries are a special place where you can store your Docker images and then share them with anyone you want. For example, Jfrog Artifactory, Dockerhub, ECR, Azure container repository.

Q32. What are DevOps implementation requirements?

Below are some useful requirements for a DevOps installation:

One or more version control software
Good communication between team members
Automatic testing
Automated deployment

Q33. What are the best practices for DevOps success?

Here is the basic practice of implementing DevOps:

Delivery speed refers to the time it takes to bring each task into the production environment.
Track how many bugs are present.
It is important to measure the actual or average recovery time from a production environment failure.
The quality of the program is also influenced by the number of errors reported by the client.

Q34. Explain SubGIt utility

SubGit helps you migrate from SVN to Git. It also allows you to create a writable Git mirror from a local or remote Subversion repository.

Q35. Explain the DevOps benefits to developers

DevOps can be useful for developers to quickly fix the bug and install new features. It also helps to improve communication between team members.

Q36. Why do we need Dockers?

The applications were launched using the agile methodology, where they were developed and deployed.

Docker helps you install the same binaries with dependencies on different environments in a split second.

Q37. Mention the role of DevOps configuration management?

The main advantages of configuration management are listed below:

This allows us to manage the configurations of multiple systems.
This allows us to standardize the configurations of all groups of systems.
This helps us to administrate and manage multiple architecture servers.

Q38. What file is used to define a dependency on Maven?

In Maven, all dependencies are defined in pom.xml so that all dependencies are downloaded and used in the project.

Q39.What do you understand by containers?

Containers are a form of easy virtualization that helps keep isolation in processes. Containers are heavier than chroot but lighter than hypervisor.

Q40. Compare configuration management and asset management.

The process of tracking and overseeing things that are valuable to a company or group is known as asset management.

Configuration management is the process of monitoring, identifying, planning, and verifying configuration items to facilitate change management.

Q41.Compare Git pull and Git fetch?

Git pull is common for pulling new commitments from the central repository branch to renew the targeted branch.

Git fetches only take all new commitments from the requested branch and saves them under the new local repository brand.

Q42. Can we move or copy Jenkins from one server to another?

Yes, we can move or copy Jenkins from one server to another. For example, copying the Jenkins job directory can move it from an older to the new one. This way, you can move the installation from one device to another by copying it to the appropriate job directory.

Q43. Can we do a new copy on an existing Jenkins job?

Yes, we can create a fresh copy of an existing Jenkins job by cloning a directory with a different name.

Q44. What is the Jenkins Pipeline?

It is a collection of plugins that support the installation and integration of the Jenkins continuous delivery pipelines.

Q45.What is continuous integration?

Continuous Integration (Continuous Delivery Pipeline) includes building, deployment, testing, and release functions. This is a time-saving feature and creates jobs that are integrated and chain in a specific order.

Q46. What do you mean by Puppet Module?

A collection of manifests and data, including files, templates, and facts, where each item is stored in a specific directory structure.

Q47. Can we set multiple tasks with Jenkins at a time?

Yes. Using the Jenkins plugin, we can create many tasks or projects at the same time. When a primary job is set, other jobs are automatically implemented. A pipeline multibranch plug-in is used to automatically create a task.

Q48. What is the blue-green deployment model?

To reduce downtime in our programs and make sure of business continuation; We use a technique called blue-green deployment. These are two identical environments and only one of them is direct at a time, serving the entire customer flow. The current environment is called blue, and the idle environment is called green.

Q49. Mention some areas where DevOps get implemented?

DevOps is used for manufacturing, IT operations, feedback, and software development.

Q50. If you were involved in DevOps implementation, what cloud computing platform did you use?

Some Cloud Computing Platforms that are used:

AWS – Amazon Web Services
Microsoft Azure
Google Cloud

Summary

We hope that the top DevOps Interview Questions helped you with your interview preparation.

DevOps is a culture-changing practice that has helped and continues to help many companies and organizations. As a DevOps engineer, you benefit greatly from the ever-increasing demand for DevOps practices.

If you wish to be a DevOps expert and learn all the relevant ideas, you should reach out to LearNow for DevOps Certification Training program information. At LearNow you can get the knowledge about DevOps tools in detail and claim your course completion certificate. Enroll Today!!!

DevOps Practice Test Questions

1. Unit test classes cannot test for__________ method.

Protected Method
Private method
Public Method
None of the above

2. DevOps popular tools are _______

Jenkins & Monit
Nagios & ELK
Jenkins & Ansible
All the above

3. ______ is the cloud platform that is not used in DevOps implementation.

Google Cloud
IBM
Microsoft Azure
Amazon Web Services

4. ______ is the popular DevOps scripting language.

Java
Python
Html
C++

5. DevOps is an extension of _____

QA
Agile
Waterfall
None of the above

6. What are the key components of DevOps?

Continuous Integration
Continuous Testing
Continuous Delivery & Monitoring
All the above

7. In DevOps, _____ is not included?

Packaging
Releasing
Monitoring
None of the above

8. In continuous delivery, pipeline refers to ____

Activities
Workflows
Automation
All the above

9. Which among the following is not continuous delivery’s feature?

Continuous Improvement.
Automate Everything
Bug fixes and experiments
Gathering Requirement

Top 50 DevOps Interview Questions (2021)

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